Text-based game or interactive fiction?

This evening, as often, I was walking through the streets, stopping in front of a few wealthy properties and dreaming about what I might find if I were to break in – what stories those houses might conceal – and my thoughts drifted toward interactive fiction.

I wondered to what extent the term "interactive fiction" is truly relevant for describing all those games played by typing commands on a keyboard. For instance, La Secte Noire – is it really interactive fiction? I don’t think so. Certainly, one types commands like "north, west, take sieve, sift water, take key", and so on, but it’s really the graphics that give the game its atmosphere and identity. It’s by looking closely at them that the player imagines what actions to take to progress. At no point does the text hold any fundamental informative or poetic value. And the "text" interface used to act in the game could easily be replaced by a mouse-based system without distorting La Secte Noire in any way.

Conversely, one can easily find games that truly claim the label of interactive fiction – for instance, Lieux Communs – where the text is the fundamental medium of the game; it performs both the informational and poetic functions. It is irreplaceable; it is the object of the game. In that sense, it is more of an interactive literary work than a video game.

From this, it follows that when one sets out to create a game, one must find one’s proper place between these two extremes: the pure game with a text-based interface (be it adventure, role-playing, management, or strategy) and the interactive literary work. This, concretely, raises questions of rules, game systems, variables, and so on – should I prioritize variables that modify the atmosphere of the game, its textual variations, its narrative twists? Or "harder" variables that define the characteristics of characters, objects, and environments? In short, should one write rules that describe a realistic and consistent world – a kind of text-based sandbox like GTA or Daggerfall – or rules that make the narrative elements of a story shift and evolve?

It seems to me that making a clear choice of category is a necessity if one wishes to do good work.